Osteochondrosis of the cervical region is one of the most common diseases of the spine, which can be explained by the great mobility of this part of the body.As the disease develops, severe pain occurs, which significantly worsens the quality of human life.That is why it is so important at the first manifestations of the pathology to consult a doctor.
Clinic of osteochondrosis of the cervical spine
Violation is progressive and consists in the appearance of dystrophic changes in the discs of the spine.There are seven vertebrae in this place that provide free head movements.Due to increased physical exertion or insufficiently strong muscles, this spine is often subjected to such a violation.
With the development of the disease, metabolic processes in the spine are disturbed, the strength and elasticity of the intervertebral disc is disappeared, and increased loads lead to the fact that cracks occur on the fibrous ring.As the process develops, protrusion or hernia appears.
The degree of development
- The first degree.The disease provokes a little symptoms.A person feels small pains in the neck, increasing with turns of the head.During the examination, the doctor can identify a small muscle voltage.
- The second degree.This form is characterized by tangible pains, and they can give it to the hand or shoulder.This is due to a violation of the height of the disk that provokes pinches of nerves.The pain syndrome becomes stronger when moving the head.Such a state is characterized by headaches, increased weakness, decrease in working capacity.
- The third degree.The manifestations of anomaly are increasing many times, and pain is constantly present.They can be felt not only in the neck itself, but also to affect the shoulder or arm.The formation of a hernia leads to weakness of the hands.A person complains of chronic fatigue and dizziness.On examination, the doctor may detect a violation of the mobility of the neck.In addition, the patient has pain during palpation.
- The fourth degree.At this stage, the intervertebral disc is completely destroyed, which leads to the formation of connective tissue in its place.Also in the patient, dizziness increases significantly, coordination of movements is disturbed and there is noise in the ears.Such symptoms are a consequence of the use of the vertebral artery in the pathological process - it is it that is responsible for the nutrition of the cerebellum and the area of the brain.
Reasons
Under the influence of various factors, the load on the cervical compartment increases.The muscles are trying to compensate for this process, which provokes cramps and problems with blood circulation.Because of this, degenerative processes arise.
The main causes of the disease are as follows:
- deficiency of motor activity;
- violation of metabolism;
- improper posture;
- Excess weight;
- scoliosis;
- systematic muscle tension;
- stressful situations;
- dysplastic abnormalities of connective tissue;
- problems with blood circulation in the neck;
- heredity;
- uncontrolled physical activity;
- abnormalities of the spine.
Contrary to popular belief, osteochondrosis can be identified not only in elderly people.Today, such a violation is not uncommon even among children and adolescents.In addition, the number of cases of disease in people is 18-30 years old.
Symptoms and signs of the disease
These or other symptoms of osteochondrosis are present in almost every person.If they are associated with pronounced pain, you should immediately consult a doctor.The signs of pathology include:
- Pain in the neck.They can give to the back of the head, shoulder, eyes or ears.Quite often they are felt during movements.Sometimes there is pain of a pulsating nature.
- Pain in the hands.Discomfort can also be felt in the area of the shoulder, brush, forearm, and it remains even at night.
- Violation of the activity of the hands and fingers.A person can lose the sensitivity and strength of muscles.
- Muscle tension in the morning.
- Noise in the ears.
- Headaches.As a rule, they begin to be felt in the back of the head, and then they are felt in temples and crown.
- Numbness and tingling in the limbs.
- Fainting, dizziness, darkening in the eyes.Such signs most often appear with careless movements of the head.
- Numbness of the language.
- Worse hearing and vision.
- Pain in the heart area.
- Increasing the size of connective tissue in the neck.
- Disorders of sleep, memory, attention.
- Changing the voice - the appearance of hoarse, weakening of the voice, etc.
Symptoms of cervical osteochondrosis
Violations of this spine are characterized by such manifestations:
- systematic headaches;
- intercostal neuralgia;
- pressure drops;
- loss of coordination of movements;
- dizziness;
- chronic fatigue;
- pain in the heart;
- infectious pathologies;
- flickering points in front of the eyes;
- noise in the ears;
- numbness of the fingers;
- Pain in the hands and shoulders.
This form of osteochondrosis provokes many syndromes and can lead to problems in the functioning of certain organs.
For example, this pathology often provokes heart disease.Therefore, if these symptoms occur, you should immediately consult a doctor.
Syndromes
In addition to general manifestations, a number of syndromes are characteristic of cervical osteochondrosis.Thanks to these signs, it is possible to make an accurate diagnosis and choose therapy.
Koreshka
This condition is also often called cervical radiculitis.Rest syndrome is the result of pinching of nerves in the neck.As this process progresses, pain spread down, reaching the shoulder blades.They can affect the forearms and fingers.Sometimes patients complain of goosebumps and tingling.
The manifestations of the violation are determined by the location of the pathology.So, when pinching the roots of the central nerve, swelling occurs, which affects the large, middle and index fingers.If the roots of the shoulder nerve are affected, the process touches the little finger and ring finger.
Irritate-Reflex
This condition is characterized by severe pains that are localized in the neck or nape.Often discomfort intensifies after a sharp movement.As examples of such a state, it is worth giving pain after sleep, when the patient sharply turns his head.Discomforts can also be felt in the chest or shoulder.
Vail artery syndrome
The main symptom is headaches that are pulsating or burning.They often apply to the back of the head, darkness, whiskey.Also, discomfort is often felt over the eyebrows.The pain syndrome intensifies after a long movement.The discomfort also increases after being in an uncomfortable position.With a decrease in immunity, nausea occurs, fainting, hearing problems, and violations in the operation of the vestibular apparatus are possible.Also, the syndrome of the vertebral artery often provokes vision problems.Pain in the eyes may appear.
Cardiac
First of all, symptoms of angina pectoris appear.That is why there is a threat of unpromising treatment of angina pectoris instead of eliminating the main cause of discomfort.
The development of the cardiac syndrome is provoked by a pinching of roots of the diaphragmatic nerve or chest muscles.Part -shaped pains that are felt for a long time may appear.In addition, discomfort increases with sneezing, coughing, inaccurate movements of the head.
This syndrome is accompanied by tachycardia and extrasystole.In such a situation, pain is not reduced even after using antianginal drugs.If you make a cardiogram during an attack, there will be no symptoms of blood circulation problems on it.
Complications and consequences
The most dangerous complications include:
- The protrusion of disks that provokes the formation of a hernia.
- Gap of disk with pinching of nerves and blood vessels.In this state, the spinal cord can be squeezed, which is very life -threatening.
- Radiculopathy - violation of nerve roots.
- The formation of osteophytes - the so -called spikes on the vertebrae.As a result, paresis and paralysis often occur.
Dun Osteochondrosis may be a dangerous complication of this form of duphitren.
In this case, the tendons of a person lose the ability to stretch.As a result, the fingers are deformed and cannot function correctly.
Diagnostics
To diagnose a violation, you must contact a neurologist.The specialist will prescribe such types of research:
- radiography;
- computed tomography;
- Magnetic resonance tomography.
To assess the condition of the cervical vessels, ultrasound dopplerography can be performed.For problems with blood circulation, it is worth carrying out RheoenCephalography.You should also contact the optometrist, who will carry out the eye bottom inspection.
How to treat
To get the desired results, treatment must be comprehensive.To do this, use medical and non -drug techniques.Doctors often prescribe drugs that help eliminate pain and inflammation.
Be sure to accept funds to normalize cerebral circulation.If the pathology causes muscle tension, you need to take relaxing agents.In addition, vitamin complexes are very useful.
An important role in the treatment of the disease is played by the effects of physiotherapy.Paraffin applications and electrophoresis are especially useful.Also, water procedures, hirudotherapy, massage, acupuncture, magnetotherapy are also often prescribed.However, the most effective treatment method is considered therapeutic gymnastics.In especially difficult situations, you can not do without surgical intervention.
Osteochondrosis of the cervical spine belongs to the category of sufficiently dangerous disorders, because it not only causes pain, but is also able to lead to the development of serious consequences.To avoid the appearance of complications, if any discomfort in the neck, you need to seek medical help.